Parkinson’s Disease affects each person differently, with different symptoms, diagnostic methods, treatments and strategies to enhance the quality of life. The risk of falls increases with age much earlier among those with Parkinson’s, with one in two people with Parkinson’s disease falling at least once a year. Understanding the factors that can impact the risk of falls and implementing strategies to reduce this risk is crucial for maintaining safety and independence.
Parkinson’s disease is most often diagnosed around the age of 65 years and over and is a condition that progresses over time. Parkinson’s disease is a movement and mood disorder that occurs when the brain’s nerve cells are not able to produce enough dopamine. Dopamine is a chemical produced in the body which is essential for movement and control of our muscles. Falls may also worsen symptoms of Parkinson’s disease due to falls having the potential to cause a fear of falling, which can affect how a person moves. Fortunately, you can make simple changes to your lifestyle to reduce the risk of falls and stay independent.
Understanding the risk of falls:
1. Balance and Gait Changes: Parkinson’s often leads to instability and difficulty with walking, increasing the risk of falls.
2. Medication Side Effects: Some medications used to manage Parkinson’s symptoms can cause dizziness, drowsiness, or low blood pressure when standing up from sitting or lying down, which may contribute to falls.
3. Muscle Weakness: Parkinson’s can cause muscle stiffness and weakness, making it harder to recover from trips or maintain balance.
4. Cognitive Impairments: Cognitive changes associated with Parkinson’s, such as slowed reaction times and impaired cognitive function, can increase the risk of falls.
5. Environmental Hazards: Parkinson’s can lead to altered awareness of our environment. Cluttered or poorly lit environments can pose significant risks for individuals with Parkinson’s, as they may have difficulty navigating these spaces safely.
Preventive Measures:
Stay Active: Engaging in an activity that includes strength training, flexibility exercises, and activities to improve balance and coordination can help individuals with Parkinson’s maintain their mobility and reduce the risk of falls. Tai chi and dance-based classes specifically designed for Parkinson’s patients can be particularly beneficial. For more ideas and resources, visit the Stay On Your Feet® website.
Medication Management: Managing and understanding your medicines can reduce your risk of falling. You can use the Stay On Your Feet® medicine list to get your medicines reviewed annually by your GP or Pharmacist. Take it each time you visit your GP, Pharmacist or other health professional.
Make Your Home Safer: Making changes to your home and removing hazards, such as clutter, installing handrails and grab bars and improving lighting, can reduce the risk of falls. Can you spot the hazards around your home? The Stay On Your Feet® free online checklist can help you identify potential hazards in your home
Use Assistive Devices: Speak to organisations such as Indigo Solutions and Independent Living Assessment for guidance on assistive equipment and devices based on your specific needs, such as mobility aids or showering aids.
Seek Support: Find fall prevention programs and activities, groups and organisations in your local area by searching the eDirectory:
Stay Aware: Be mindful of your surroundings and have a falls action plan. Remember to discuss the action plan with your GP and family members.
While falls can be a significant concern for those living with Parkinson’s, by being proactive and implementing the strategies listed, you can reduce the risk of falls and improve your overall health and wellbeing.
Download or order free Stay On Your Feet® resources.
For further information and support, visit the Parkinson’s Western Australia website.